Legends of the Silk Road - The 5 Stans

Day 1: Arrive Ashgabat

Arrive into Ashgabat and transfer to your hotel. No meals or activities included today. Overnight Hotel Sport or similar.

Ashgabat

Ashgabat was a fairly insignificant town before the arrival of the Russians, who chose it as an administrative centre and began to develop it in the late 19th century. In 1948 it was hit by a powerful earthquake which all but destroyed the city, which had to be completely rebuilt. Although reconstruction occurred during the Soviet era, it is Ashgabat’s development since independence in 1991 which has given the city its very unusual character. A pet project of the then dictator Niyazov, Ashgabat was the focus of his ‘nation building’ efforts and as such is home to a bewildering array of monuments, most of them faced with white marble tiles that give the city an almost glittering effect. There are few cities in the world that are so linked to one man, and Ashgabat is a striking and unusual place, at odds with other Central Asian cities but fascinating in its own right.

Day 2 – Darvaza ‘The Gates of Hell’

After a morning exploring Ashgabat’s striking landmarks, including the Tower of Neutrality, Turkmenbashy Ruhy Mosque, and Independence Monument, we set out on an unforgettable journey into the Karakum Desert. In the afternoon, we traverse vast dunes and rugged terrain, stopping to visit two lesser-known craters—one filled with water, the other with bubbling mud—before reaching the legendary Darvaza Gas Crater by early evening. As the sun sets, the fiery glow of "The Gates of Hell" casts an otherworldly light across the desert, creating a mesmerizing spectacle. While our local team prepares dinner, we unwind and take in the surreal, campfire-like ambiance of this natural wonder. Overnight in a desert camp near the crater (BD) 

Day 3 – Konye Urgench

After breakfast at camp, we journey north to Konye Urgench, a remarkable UNESCO World Heritage Site that once served as the capital of Khwarazm during the Achaemenid Empire. Here, we explore the ancient ruins, including soaring minarets, mausoleums, and remnants of a once-thriving Silk Road city. In the afternoon, we continue our drive to Dashoguz, where the evening is free to relax or explore at leisure. Overnight Hotel Dashoguz or similar (B)

Konye-Urgench

Konye-Urgench was the capital of the ancient land of Khorezm in the 10th century, but has not had the easiest time since then. Falling first to the Seljuks and then falling under the control of their successors the Khorezmshahs, it enjoyed a brief period as the centre of Islamic Central Asia, replete with numerous beautiful mosques and medressas. This was not to last long however. In 1221 it was attacked by the armies of Genghis Khan, who besieged the city for six months before destroying it, leaving little but ashes and bodies. ‘Konye-Urgench became the abode of the jackal and the haunt of the owl and the kite’, wrote one local historian. Having rebuilt itself it was then sacked by Timur (Tamerlane) adding to its woes. Fortunately, a few architectural monuments survived this tragedy, notably the impressive mausoleums of former sultans as well as arched gates and fortresses which stand as testament to the former glories of this remote corner of Asia.

Day 4 – Khiva

The day begins with a visit to the bustling Dashoguz Bazaar, offering a final glimpse into Turkmenistan’s local culture before we head to the border. After completing formalities, we cross into Uzbekistan and continue our journey towards Khiva. Following lunch, we drive through the vast landscapes of Karakalpakstan, arriving in Khiva by late afternoon. This beautifully preserved Silk Road city, with its towering minarets and ancient mud-brick walls, is like stepping back in time. Overnight Bankir Hotel or similar (B)

Khiva

Khiva is one of the true highlights of this astounding region – its ancient monuments have been superbly preserved and its historic centre contains more than fifty of them, along with around 250 old houses dating back to the 18th and 19th centuries. The inner town, or Ichon Qala, is encircled by 18th century mud walls and holds the cream of Khiva’s sites, a collection of remarkable palaces, mosques and mausoleums capped with bright blue domes and bedecked with stunning decoration. Minarets poke into the sky while its graceful archways betray links with Moghul India, and it is easy to visualise what this city once looked like when it was one of the most important in the region. Khiva was once an independent khanate renowned as a centre of the slave trade – raiders from Khiva would set off to vulnerable communities bringing back slaves to live in tortuous conditions, or be sold to end up somewhere else along the Silk Road. Peter the Great first sought to bring Khiva under his control in 1717, but it was not to be – Russian forces were tricked and then massacred, humiliating the Tsar. In following years a number of attempts were made to free Russian slaves and take Khiva but it was not until 1873 that it fell.

Day 5 – Khiva

Spend the day exploring the enchanting Old Town of Khiva, a UNESCO-listed treasure where time seems to stand still. Wander through its labyrinthine alleys and discover architectural gems such as the Muhammad Amin and Rakhim Khan Medressas, the ornate Tosh-Khovli Palace, and the soaring Islom-Huja Minaret. As we delve into the city's rich history and vibrant Silk Road heritage, every corner reveals intricate tilework, ancient courtyards, and stories of a bygone era. Overnight Bankir Hotel or similar (B)

Day 6 – Khiva – Bukhara

We set off on a scenic 7-hour journey across the desert to Bukhara (480 km), traversing vast, open landscapes that once formed part of the ancient Silk Road. To break up the drive, we enjoy a packed lunch en route and stop at a traditional Chai Khanah (Uzbek tea house) in the early afternoon for refreshments. Arriving in Bukhara by evening, we settle in before savoring a delicious dinner in the city. Afterwards, we can soak in the magical atmosphere around the Lyabi-Hauz pool, where locals and travellers gather beneath the glow of historic madrasas. Overnight Sasha and Son Hotel or similar (B)

Bukhara

Mighty Bukhara is renowned as the holiest of Central Asia’s cities and is said to have been in existence when Alexander the Great passed through the region, more than two thousand years ago. Its old centre is exceptionally well preserved and contains old madrassas and mosques, ancient minarets and protected buildings dating back as far as the 10th century. The independent khanate of Bukhara was one of the focal points of the ‘Great Game’ – a period of imperial rivalry between Britain and Russia in the 18th and 19th centuries that saw each seek to expand their influence. The British sent Alexander Burnes to the city in 1832 in an attempt to bring the city into their sphere of influence, but this was inconclusive and although Burnes was treated well, later emissaries were to fare far worse – two English officers were kept captive there for some time before eventually being executed in Bukhara’s Registan square.  

Day 7 – Bukhara

Today, we embark on a full-day exploration of Bukhara’s Old Town, a city steeped in Silk Road history and timeless charm. Our journey takes us to the elegant Samanids Mausoleum, the mighty Ark Fortress, and the iconic Poi Kalon complex, with its towering minaret and grand mosque. We’ll also wander through the bustling trading domes, once the heart of the city’s mercantile life, before visiting the picturesque Lyabi-Hauz complex and the unique Chor Minor. As we stroll through Bukhara’s atmospheric streets, we’ll uncover centuries of history woven into its stunning architecture. Overnight Sasha and Son Hotel or similar (B) 

Day 8 – Bukhara – Samarkand

This morning, we explore the outskirts of Bukhara, beginning with a visit to Sitorai Mokhi Hosa, the opulent summer residence of the last Emir of Bukhara, blending European and Central Asian architecture. We then continue to the serene Chor Bakr Memorial Complex, a UNESCO-listed site known as the City of the Dead, with its ancient courtyards and mausoleums. In the afternoon, we board the high-speed Afrosiyob bullet train at 15:50, gliding across the Uzbek landscape to Samarkand, arriving by 17:20. Overnight Registon Saroy Hotel or similar (B)

Samarkand

Samarkand is perhaps the most atmospheric of all of Uzbekistan’s and the whole region’s cities, a glorious collection of immaculately preserved monuments that reach their climax in the superb Registan square, renowned as the finest architectural ensemble in Central Asia. Founded in the 8th century BC by the Persians, Samarkand has always been an important centre for the various forces passing through and has at times been controlled by Arabs, Sogdians and the armies of Alexander the Great. It was Timur who left the greatest mark on the city, designating it as his capital and embarking on a program of building that was continued after his death to produce one of the most startling sights in Asia. Vivid blue capped minarets jostle for space with tiled medressas, enormous arched gateways decorated with Islamic art and numerous mosques and mausoleums of the great and the good, as well as a marvellous observatory built by the ruler and astronomer Ulug Beg. Samarkand takes your breath away – there is no other place like it.

Day 9 - Samarkand

Today, we embark on a full-day exploration of Samarkand, one of the most legendary cities of the Silk Road. Our journey takes us to the breathtaking Registan Square, with its trio of majestic madrasas, and the Gur Emir Mausoleum, the grand resting place of Tamerlane. We’ll immerse ourselves in the lively Siab Bazaar, visit the historic Ulugbek Observatory, and admire the ancient wall paintings at the Afrasiab Museum. A stop at the Meros Handicraft Centre offers insight into traditional silk paper-making techniques. In the evening, we gather for a final dinner in Uzbekistan, with time afterward to relax at leisure. Overnight Registon Saroy Hotel or similar (B)

Day 10 – Samarkand – Penjikent – Dushanbe

This morning, we cross the Jartepa border into Tajikistan, where we meet our local guides before journeying to Ancient Penjikent, a fascinating 5th-century Sogdian city abandoned in the 8th century during the Arab conquests. Here, we explore the excavated remains of house foundations, a bustling bazaar, and a citadel housing Zoroastrian fire temples, offering a glimpse into the region’s pre-Islamic past. Penjikent is also the birthplace of Abu Abdallah Rudaki, the revered father of Persian poetry, and we’ll visit a museum dedicated to his life and works. After lunch, we embark on a scenic 4-hour drive to Dushanbe, where the evening is free to relax or explore at leisure. Overnight The Rumi Hotel or similar (B)

Dushanbe

Dushanbe is a relatively modern town that rose to prominence during the Soviet era, when it was made the capital of the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and named Stalinabad. Its name means ‘Monday in the Tajik language, arising from the fact that this was the day that the market was held, when Dushanbe was still a small and fairly insignificant village. The ousted Emir of Bukhara, fleeing from the Bolsheviks, stayed in Dushanbe and cooperated with Enver Pasha’s Basmachis until he had to leave the region. From Dushanbe, he fled to Afghanistan in 1921, the year the town was freed from the Basmachis as well.

Day 11 – Dushanbe

Today is a well-earned day of leisure, offering the chance to unwind at the hotel or venture out to explore Dushanbe at your own pace. Whether you choose to stroll through the city’s leafy boulevards, visit its museums and markets, or simply relax in a café, this free day provides a perfect balance to the journey. Overnight The Rumi Hotel or similar (B)

Day 12 - Dushanbe – Khujand

This morning, we set off on a scenic drive to Khujand, passing through the infamous Anzob Tunnel, a 5-kilometre-long engineering feat known as the "Tunnel of Death", which serves as a crucial link between Tajikistan’s two largest cities. Upon arrival in Khujand, we explore its rich heritage with visits to the Shikh Muslihiddin Mosque, the vibrant Oriental Bazaar—the largest in Central Asia—Arbob Palace, and the Lenin Monument. After lunch, we delve into history at the ancient fortress of Timur-Malik, a once-thriving Silk Road stronghold. In the evening, we check into our hotel and enjoy dinner at a local restaurant before unwinding for the night. Overnight Grand Khojand or similar (B)

Day 13 – Khujand – Osh

After breakfast, we make our way to the border and bid farewell to Tajikistan, embarking on a scenic journey through the picturesque Fergana Valley in Uzbekistan. Due to the closure of the Tajikistan-Kyrgyzstan land border, we take an alternative yet stunning route, crossing into Kyrgyzstan via the Dostlik border near Osh. Upon arrival in Osh, we check into our hotel, with the rest of the evening free to relax or explore at leisure. Overnight Sunrise Hotel or similar (B)

Osh

Osh, the second-largest city in Kyrgyzstan, is a vibrant and historic destination nestled in the Fergana Valley. With a history spanning over 3,000 years, it is one of the oldest cities in Central Asia and was a key hub on the Silk Road. The city is best known for Sulayman-Too, a UNESCO-listed sacred mountain that has been a pilgrimage site for centuries, offering panoramic views over Osh. The bustling Jayma Bazaar, one of the largest and oldest markets in the region, provides an authentic glimpse into daily life with its colorful displays of spices, textiles, and fresh produce. Osh’s diverse cultural heritage is reflected in its mix of Kyrgyz, Uzbek, and other ethnic influences, visible in its architecture, cuisine, and traditions.

Day 14 – Osh – Toktul

This morning, we explore Osh before embarking on an unforgettable journey towards Bishkek, traveling along one of Central Asia’s most breathtaking routes, often compared to the famed Pamir Highway. As we traverse the Fergana Valley and the majestic Tien Shan Mountain Range, the landscape transforms dramatically—vast canyons, towering peaks, and rolling valleys unfold before us, showcasing the country’s natural and cultural diversity. Along the way, we pass through multiple climatic zones and vegetation levels, offering ever-changing scenery. To break up the journey, we make a stop before continuing onward. Overnight Kok-Bel Hotel or similar (B)

Day 15 – Toktogul – Bishkek

We continue our scenic journey to Bishkek, crossing the breathtaking Ala-Bel and Tyua-Ashuu Passes, where dramatic mountain landscapes and sweeping valleys unfold along the route. Arriving in Bishkek by late afternoon, the rest of the day is free to relax or explore the capital at leisure. Overnight in Ak Jola Hotel or similar (B)

 Bishkek

Bishkek, the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan, is a dynamic and modern hub set against the dramatic backdrop of the Tian Shan mountains. Originally a caravan rest stop on the Silk Road, it evolved into a Soviet-era city with wide, tree-lined avenues, grand neoclassical buildings, and spacious parks. Ala-Too Square, the heart of Bishkek, is a focal point for cultural events and national celebrations, while landmarks like the State History Museum and the Monument to Manas highlight the country’s rich heritage. The city’s vibrant Osh Bazaar is a sensory experience, offering everything from traditional Kyrgyz textiles and handicrafts to fresh produce and local delicacies. Despite its Soviet legacy, Bishkek has a youthful energy, with lively cafés, art galleries, and a growing appreciation for contemporary culture. As a gateway to Kyrgyzstan’s breathtaking natural landscapes, Bishkek serves as both a cultural and logistical starting point for travellers venturing into the country’s rugged mountains and scenic valleys.

Day 16 – Bishkek

This morning, we set out for Ala Archa National Park, a breathtaking alpine retreat nestled in the Tian Shan Mountains. Surrounded by towering peaks, rushing rivers, and lush valleys, this pristine wilderness offers the perfect setting for hiking, exploring, or simply unwinding in the crisp mountain air. After a day immersed in nature, we return to Bishkek by early evening. Overnight in Ak Jola Hotel or similar (B)

Day 17 – Bishkek – Almaty

Today, we journey to the final country of our tour—Kazakhstan. Upon arrival in Almaty, we embark on an afternoon city tour, exploring its highlights, including the scenic Panfilov Park, home to the striking Zenkov Cathedral, with its distinctive yellow towers. We’ll also take in a panoramic view of the city and visit other key landmarks along the way. In the early evening, we check into our hotel before gathering for a memorable farewell dinner, celebrating the incredible journey we’ve shared. Overnight Kazzkhol Hotel or similar (B)

Almaty

Almaty, Kazakhstan’s largest city and former capital, is a cosmopolitan hub set against the stunning backdrop of the snow-capped Tian Shan mountains. Once an important stop on the Silk Road, Almaty blends modern sophistication with a rich cultural heritage. The city is known for its leafy avenues, vibrant café culture, and dynamic arts scene. Key landmarks include Panfilov Park, home to the colourful Zenkov Cathedral, and the Central State Museum, which offers insights into Kazakhstan’s history. Almaty is also a gateway to outdoor adventures, with the Medeu Ice Rink and Shymbulak Ski Resort just a short drive away. The bustling Green Bazaar provides a taste of local flavors, from fresh fruits to traditional Kazakh delicacies like kazy and baursaki. With its mix of urban elegance and natural beauty, Almaty is a captivating destination that bridges Central Asia’s past and present.

Day 18 – Almaty

After more than two incredible weeks of adventure, our journey comes to an end today. At a suitable time you will be transferred to the airport. For those wishing to extend their stay, additional nights in Kazakhstan can be arranged upon request (B)