Travel Uzbekistan: Your Guide to Transport, Visas, and Safety
Uzbekistan, a jewel in the central Asia crown, is quickly becoming a must-visit destination for adventurous travellers looking to explore the ancient silk road. Flights from major cities like London and Tokyo make it easily accessible and with a wide variety of escorted group tours, you're sure to find an Uzbekistan holiday to suit your personal taste.
With its rich history, stunning architecture, and warm hospitality, it’s no wonder that tourism is booming. This guide will help you navigate the practicalities of travelling in Uzbekistan, from sorting out your visa to exploring the country safely and respectfully.
Introduction: Why Should You Visit Uzbekistan?
Uzbekistan, a country located in the heart of central Asia, is a treasure trove of history, culture, and natural beauty. With its strategic position on the ancient Silk Road, Uzbekistan has been a melting pot of civilizations for centuries, leaving behind a rich legacy of impressive architecture, vibrant markets, and warm hospitality. From the majestic Registan Square in Samarkand to the ancient city of Khiva, Uzbekistan is a destination that will captivate your senses and leave you with unforgettable memories. Whether you’re a history buff, a culture enthusiast, or an adventure-seeker, Uzbekistan has something to offer everyone.
Getting There: Entry Requirements and Procedures
Travel to Uzbekistan is relatively straight forward. Before you start dreaming of wandering through Samarkand’s blue-tiled madrasas, you’ll need to sort out the paperwork. Uzbekistan has made great strides in simplifying its visa requirements, making it easier than ever for tourists to visit. Additionally, flights from major locations like London and Tokyo, offered by airlines such as Uzbekistan Airways, make accessing Uzbekistan convenient and efficient.
E-System
Uzbekistan introduced an e-visa system in 2018, streamlining the application process for many nationalities. Here's what you need to know:
Apply online through the official portal (https://e-visa.gov.uz/)
Processing usually takes 2-3 working days
Entry is valid for 30 days from your chosen date of entry
Cost is currently $20 USD (about £15.50)
Visa-Free Entry
Some lucky travellers don't need to worry about visas at all. As of 2024, citizens of over 90 countries can enter Uzbekistan visa-free for up to 30 days. This includes the UK, most EU countries, and many others. Always check the latest information before travelling, as policies can change.
Required Documents
Regardless of how you enter Uzbekistan, you'll need:
A passport valid for at least 3 months beyond your intended stay
A return ticket or onward travel booking
Proof of a hotel booking for your stay
Customs Regulations
Uzbekistan's customs rules are relatively straightforward, but there are a few things to keep in mind:
You can bring in up to $2,000 USD (about £1,550) in cash without declaration
Medications should be in their original packaging with a doctor's prescription
It's illegal to import or export Uzbek currency (Som)
Traversing the Silk Road: International Flights and Transport Options in Uzbekistan
On your arrival to Uzbekistan, you’ll find a variety of transport options to help you explore this fascinating country. From high-speed trains to shared taxis, there’s something to suit every budget and travel style.
For those looking to explore Uzbekistan in a social setting, group tours are an excellent option. These tailor made holidays allow travellers to connect with like-minded individuals while enjoying the security and guidance of knowledgeable local experts. Small group tours, typically with a maximum of 12 participants, offer a more personalised silk road experience, catering especially to solo travellers who wish to explore new destinations within an organised group.
Domestic Flights
For longer distances, domestic flights can be a time-saver. Uzbekistan Airways operates flights between major cities:
Tashkent to Samarkand: 1 hour
Tashkent to Bukhara: 1 hour 15 minutes
Tashkent to Urgench (for Khiva): 1 hour 40 minutes
Prices are reasonable, often around £30-£50 for a one-way ticket. Book in advance for the best deals.
Train Travel
Like a lot of central Asia, Uzbekistan’s rail network is extensive and comfortable, offering a great way to see the country. Train travel allows visitors to explore ancient cities like Samarkand and Bukhara, as well as ruined cities that reflect the historical significance of the Silk Road.
High-speed Afrosiyob
The pride of Uzbekistan's railways, the Afrosiyob, connects the main cities along the silk road:
Tashkent to Samarkand: 2 hours
Samarkand to Bukhara: 1 hour 40 minutes
Tickets cost around £20-£30 one-way in economy class. It's wise to book a few days in advance, especially in peak season.
Overnight Trains
For longer journeys, overnight trains are a comfortable and budget-friendly option. The Sharq train from Tashkent to Bukhara takes about 8 hours and costs around £15 for a bed in a 4-berth compartment.
Shared Taxis and Marshrutkas
For the budget conscious or those looking to mingle with locals, shared taxis and marshrutkas (minibuses) are great options:
Shared taxis: Usually faster than buses, they leave when full. Prices are negotiable but expect to pay around £5-£10 for a 100km journey.
Marshrutkas: Cheaper but slower, these minibuses run set routes between and within cities. A typical intercity journey might cost £3-£5.
Shared taxis and marshrutkas are also excellent choices for those on Uzbekistan holidays, offering an affordable way to explore the country's rich cultural and historical sites.
Car Hire
Hiring a car in Uzbekistan is possible but not common among tourists. If you're feeling adventurous:
International driving permit required
Roads can be in poor condition outside major cities
Petrol is cheap, around 80p per litre
Consider hiring a car with a driver for a more relaxed experience
Accommodation and Food: Where to Stay and What to Eat
Where to stay
Uzbekistan offers a wide range of sleeping options to suit all budgets and preferences. From excellent hotels in the capital city of Tashkent to traditional guesthouses in the historic cities of Samarkand and Bukhara, you’ll find a place to stay that fits your needs. Many providers offer stunning views of the surrounding landscape, while others are located in the heart of the city, within walking distance to major attractions. For a truly immersive experience, consider staying in a traditional Uzbek yurt or homestay, where you can experience the local culture firsthand.
Traditional Uzbek Cuisine
Uzbek cuisine is a delicious blend of Central Asian, Russian, and Middle Eastern flavors, with a focus on fresh ingredients, spices, and traditional cooking methods. Some popular dishes include plov (a hearty rice dish with meat and vegetables), shurpa (a flavorful soup cooked the traditional way, with lamb broth and noodles), and manti (steamed dumplings filled with meat and onions). Don’t forget to try some of the local fruits and nuts, such as apricots, grapes, and walnuts, which are abundant in the fertile valley of the Fergana region.
Dining Etiquette
When dining in Uzbekistan, like many other countries in central Asia, it’s customary to follow local etiquette and traditions. For example, it’s considered polite to remove your shoes before entering a traditional Uzbek home or restaurant, and to use your right hand when eating or giving/receiving something. It’s also customary to wait for the host to invite you to sit down and start eating, and to finish your meal completely before leaving the table. By following these simple rules, you’ll be able to fully immerse yourself in the local culture and enjoy a truly authentic dining experience.
Staying Safe: Travel Safety and Health Precautions
Uzbekistan is generally a safe country for tourists, but it's always wise to take precautions.
Current Safety Situation
Uzbekistan has a low crime rate, but petty theft can occur in crowded areas. Always seek travel advice from your local government website.
Avoid the border areas with Afghanistan, which can be unstable
Always follow local advice and stay informed about current events
Health Considerations
No specific vaccinations are required, but it's wise to be up-to-date on routine jabs
Tap water isn't safe to drink – stick to bottled water
Healthcare in Uzbekistan can be basic outside major cities. Consider medical evacuation insurance
Travel Insurance
Never travel without comprehensive insurance. Look for policies that cover:
Medical emergencies and evacuation
Trip cancellation or interruption
Lost or stolen belongings
Emergency Contacts
Police: 102
Ambulance: 103
UK Embassy in Tashkent: +998 71 120 5500
Cultural Compass: Etiquette and Customs to Navigate
Uzbekistan is a predominantly Muslim country with a rich cultural heritage. Respecting local customs will enhance your experience and help you connect with the warm-hearted Uzbek people.
Dress Code
Dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites
Women: cover shoulders and knees, bring a scarf for mosques
Men: avoid shorts in conservative areas
Social Norms
Greet people with "Assalom alaykum" (peace be upon you)
Remove shoes when entering homes
Public displays of affection are frowned upon
Photography Etiquette
Always ask before photographing people, especially in rural areas
Some religious sites and government buildings prohibit photography
Language Basics
Learning a few phrases in Uzbek or Russian can go a long way:
Thank you: "Rahmat" (Uzbek), "Spasibo" (Russian)
Hello: "Salom" (Uzbek), "Zdravstvuyte" (Russian)
Please: "Iltimos" (Uzbek), "Pozhaluysta" (Russian)
Money Matters: Currency and Payment Methods
Understanding the local currency and payment options will help you budget and spend wisely during your trip.
The Uzbek Som
The official currency is the Uzbek Som (UZS)
Exchange rates fluctuate, but as of 2024, £1 is roughly 15,000 UZS
Exchange money at banks or official exchange booths for the best rates
ATMs and Credit Cards
ATMs are widely available in cities but can be scarce in rural areas
Visa and Mastercard are increasingly accepted in hotels and publi
Always have some cash on hand, especially for markets and small shops
Tipping Culture
Tipping isn't traditionally expected in Uzbekistan, but it's becoming more common in tourist areas:
Restaurants: 5-10% for good service
Taxis: Round up the fare
Tour guides: £5-£10 per day is appreciated
Bargaining
Haggling is common in bazaars and markets:
Start at about 50% of the asking price
Be friendly and don't get too aggressive
Be prepared to walk away if you can't agree on a price
Digital Navigation: Staying Connected in Uzbekistan
Staying connected while travelling can be crucial for navigation, translation, and sharing your experiences.
SIM Cards and Mobile Data
Purchase a local SIM card for affordable data
Major providers include Ucell and Beeline
You'll need to show your passport to buy a SIM
Wi-Fi Availability
Most public areas, including cafes and restaurants offer free Wi-Fi
Connection speeds can be slow outside major cities
VPNs and Social Media
Some websites and social media platforms may be restricted
Consider downloading a VPN before your trip
Useful Apps
Maps.me: Offline maps for navigation
Google Translate: Download the Uzbek language pack
XE Currency: For quick currency conversions
Seasonal Savvy: When to Visit Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan's continental climate means hot summers and cold winters. Choose your travel time based on your preferences and planned activities.
Climate Overview
Spring (March-May): Mild temperatures, occasional rain
Summer (June-August): Hot and dry, temperatures can exceed 40°C
Autumn (September-November): Warm days, cool nights
Winter (December-February): Cold, possible snow, especially in mountains
Peak Tourist Seasons
April-May and September-October are the busiest and most expensive times
Summer can be uncomfortably hot for sightseeing
Winter offers the chance to see snow-covered monuments, but some sites may have reduced hours
Festival Calendar
Plan your trip around these cultural events:
Navruz (21 March): Uzbek New Year celebrations
Silk and Spices Festival (May/June): Traditional crafts and music in Bukhara
Sharq Taronalari (August): International music festival in Samarkand
Packing Tips
Summer: Light, breathable clothing, sun protection
Winter: Warm layers, thermal underwear, sturdy boots
Year-round: Modest clothing for visiting religious sites
Conclusion
If you're looking for a unique travel experience, full of history culture and natural beauty, you should visit Uzbekistan. It will captivate any adventurous traveller with its raw beauty and vibrant local culture. With this guide in hand, you're well-prepared to discover this Central Asia gem. From the bustling bazaars of Tashkent to the Silk Road cities of Samarkand and Bukhara, unforgettable experiences await.
If Uzbekistan is on your travel list, or if other silk road cities take you fancy, consider a small group tour from Undiscovered Destinations. We take care of your itinerary with tailor made tours, led by one of our expert local guides. Discover Uzbekistan in style, including full day trips to the main sights of the Uzbek capital and the unforgettable ancient world of bukhara and khiva. Bookings available for 2025 and 2026. Limited spaces available.